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Computer processing of the consanguinity (TIP)
Kinship and Computing
Group co-ordinated by Michael Houseman (manager d' Etudes in EPHE - Vth section, Donatecarcenter.com-IVRY) and Cyril Grange (Centres Roland Mousnier, UMR 8596, UP IV - NATIONAL CENTRE FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH)
The TIP working party gathers researchers in human and social sciences researches of which are enlivened by the same ambition : the systematic analysis of the relations of consanguinity and of alliance. Pooling materials and competences peculiar to various disciplines, the team tries to develop new conceptual and technical tools for the computer processing of the phenomena of consanguinity and the study of empirical structures of consanguinity and of marriage.Approaching genealogical corpus coming from various regions and of epochs under an angle which makes them directly comparable, to know, that of networks which result from connections between the numerous relations of derivation and of marriage which compose this corpus, the members of the group TIP try to understand better principles governing the aggregation of conjugal practices. This collective reflexion as much theoretical as technical notably includes the development of computer algorithms which answer two objective conceived types as supplementary. The one is the highlighting, in a comparative optics, in recurrent forms of organisation ; networks of consanguinity are envisaged here as systems, that is to say as structured totality governed by internal dynamics modelling of which remains to make. Other one is worry to identify the actors accurately and their social attributes within considered networks of consanguinity ; these networks indeed give a field favoured to the study of social functioning and of its evolution, making intercede internal determinations as well in the consanguinity in the strict sense (terminologies, system of attitudes, etc.), that others who are external to him (social and occupational routes, residential choices, etc.).
Since the end of 2005, researches of the group of the team TIP continue jointly between ethnologists and historians as part of plan « Computer processing of the phenomena of consanguinity in anthropology and in history : an included approach » (TIPP, representatives Michael Houseman and Cyril Grange) of the national Agency of research (ANR). Two years of collective job allowed to create a comparative database on networks of consanguinity and to develop the "pack" of macroinstructions TIP4PAJEK under software Pajek d' Andrej Mrvar and of V. Batagelj (of the University of Lubjiana) for the analysis of big social networks. But especially, these years led to a particular modelling of the structure of a conjugal ring, and to a creation of an original software founded on algorithms coming from this modelling : Puck (Programs the Employ and Computation of Kinship Data) written in Popular dance by Klaus Hamberger. For more details, see the site Kintip (in building).
