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SYSAV : Systems of knowledges and of training
B. Martinelli - Donatecarcenter.com-AIX / ANR « Trainings, knowledge and society » over 4 years (2006-2010)
In the actuality of questionings on cultural identity, the objective of the search party SYSAV is to study the processes of production, circulation, taking over and patrimonialisation of professional, technical and scientific knowledges, in the developing countries of contemporary sub-Saharan Africa. In the situation of advanced crisis which cross these countries by effects conjugated by deficient gouvernances, by failure or by abandonment of the models of technological transfers and of a globalisation suffered with very strong dérégulateurs impacts on production without revival by relocations, this programme concerns the processes of production of knowledge and of training in various circles and networks of firms. It concerns the dynamics of firms founded on migrations, exchanges and co-productions of know-how conjugating the multiplicity of origins (Europe, Asia and Africa) and of locations (between Africain areas). These problems which aim at renewing the understanding of the processes of strategical knowledges are centered on the question of trainings defined in a plural way as frame of transmission, of specialisation, of ethical inscription, of power, of redefining of jobs and of invention or of penetration of the new models of management etc. that she arrests by conjugating several researches in anthropology and in disciplines related : history, sociology, economy and ergonomics. By aiming at a synthetic understanding of processes, this programme aims at developing complementarity by problems which renew and co-ordinate the anthropology of knowledges, techniques, professional identity and of firms on the ground of deterrent natures arrested in several Africain countries : Burkina Faso, Senegal, Central African Republic, Mozambique, Guinea Bissau, Ivory Coast and Togo.
The circulation of knowledges, notably scientific, technological and professional, is received as one of the decisive conditions for development and improvement of living conditions in developing countries. Unlike most previous jobs, the main option of this programme is synthetic reflexion on the dynamics of knowledges by federating until now segmented studies : process of transmission and of patrimonialisation techniques, forms of circulation, migration and building of located knowledges, regulation and deregulation of know-how in touch with local powers, genesis of new public areas of knowledge, knowledges administrators and economic of private firms or of public service. For each of these poles of the research programme, training and transmission of knowledges are points - key of the dynamics of adaptation and of intervention. For the multidimensional understanding of training, study will multiply focal lengths according to the research protocols of disciplines holders of strategical problems, but until now disjunctive. The disciplinary fields mobilised around these problems are mainly :
the anthropology of techniques and of systems of training (Martinelli),
anthropology and economy of located productions (Maïzi and Muchnik),
the anthropology of scientific knowledges (biomedicine) (Baïnilago),
the anthropology of firms (Gallenga and Bessa-Ribeiro),
the anthropotechnologie (Geslin) linked to ergonomics (Meckassoua)
the history of professional trainings (Dubois).
The methodological choices of this programme are recovering from a form of comparatisme conceived to articulate studied cases by feeding the analysis by the synergy of descriptive approaches and theoretical approaches to clear some heavy tendencies of mutations and some alternatives. The methods of ethnography will be favoured for the direct study of the situations of trainings and of production with constant worry to leave practices, knowledges, rules and swordings of the local actors, to spot the diversity of the actors, to analyse the logic of their actions, symbolic, cognitive contents, or even political, of their decisions or choice. By linking researchers confirmed to young advanced researchers, located in several countries of Europe and of Africa, objective is to contribute also to the strengthening of the capacities of application and of popularisation to the partners of the Africain countries within their universities and institutes. Preoccupation to lead interdisciplinary and comparative analyses passes by the necessity to confront the conceptual tools, to articulate the spatiotemporal ladders of analysis and to explain reference models. This imperative épistémologique leads us to organise several seminars of synthesis and of monitoring of the programme.
While producing and by confronting data of ground grabbed in a significant sample of local and total situations, this programme aims at producing knowledge on critical forms of circulation and of patrimonialisation of knowledges in various sectors of economy in Africa while taking into account effects caused by the broadcasting of capitalism and of system of market. Leaving hypothesis that knowledge is exploitable only by its circulation, the expected results of this research concern the knowledge of new forms and dynamics of building, of taking over, of transmission and of accumulation of strategical knowledge in production. It is planned to promote results across the organisation of seminars of education and of research, an international symposium and, of course, common publications.
In the same rubric :
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- The natural sacred sites : The “conservation of biodiversity” as source of economic and social stakes (studies of case in the Benin, Burkina Faso and Togo)
- Ethiopian historiographic traditions in epoch of numerical
- Computer processing of the phenomena of consanguinity in anthropology and in history : an integrated approach
- Society, local powers and sustainable development from cities to Africa
- Archives BREUIL. Between European prehistory and africanisme, an intellectual and institutional world in the XXth century
- CORNAFRIQUE : Write the history of the Horn of Africa (XIIIth - XXIth centuries) : texts, networks and societies
- AFRICAUSES : Africain Reasons. Mobilisations, international brokerage and struggles on legitimate forms of the government of Africa
- VIOLAFRIQUE : Conflicts and ordinary structural acts of violence. Comparative and interdisciplinary approach in eight Africain cities
- FRONTAFRIQUE : absurdity or rooting ? New approaches of the historicité of Africain borders
- PUBLISLAM : Religious public Areas. States, societies and Islam in Western Africa
