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Eotilé of Ivory Coast in the XVIIIth and XIXth centuries. Be possible lignager religion and
By Claude-Helen Perrot
Paris, Publications of the Sorbonne, coll. « Man and society ; 33 », June, 2008, 256 p. + ill. in coul.
First work was dedicated to the history of Éotilé, residents of the lagoon Aby in the southeast of the Ivory Coast and main activity of which remained the peach until 1930s, this book is the culmination of almost forty research years. Far from classic ethnographic monograph and of a frozen vision of the Africain societies, he reveals fundamental relation religion, and watch enters to be able to lignager and how write the history of a group organised in lineages and without written traditions.
Claude Helen Perrot, who is resolutely situated under the banner of the microstoria, mobilised very various sources. She analyses all the known written and cartographic sources, especially French stories of the XVIIth century, at the time when the company of Guinea had established a fort in Assinie, as well as ancient Portuguese cards ; she exploits her own oral inquiries and, to disclose the traces of past in the gift, her direct observations of the society éotilé, of material life in celebrations of different deities (bosson) protective of nine lineages éotilé.
Éotilé, subjected in Anyi and included into the kingdom of Sanwi (1725), succeeds in regaining in the middle of the XIXth century to some autonomy in the space lagunaire with the foundation of new villages and maintaining, by the intervention of their bosson who intimidated up to their masters anyi, of an exclusive control of their aeries of peach and their environment. If the society monarchal and organised into a hierarchy by the Anyi du Sanwi gives prominence to the royal ancestors, to Éotilé bosson predominates among which demonstrations and spectacular celebrations are not creative of centralised power but on the contrary reinforce character lignager of this lagunaire society. The strategy of increase of lineages indeed takes support on their alliance with a protecting bosson. It is across this religious mediation that lineages could acquire material benefits, augment their enrolments – by the captives – and structure the society politically.
A hundred of photographs, treated as true documentary sources, enriches work.
Claude Helen Perrot, outstanding professor to the university Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne, is specialist of the history of Africa. She notably published Anyi-Ndényé and power in the sièclesv XVIIIth and XIXth century (Publications of the Sorbonne, on 1982), analyse historian of oral sources, original and pioneer.
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